The battery has to be removed from the NSG 435 for charging via the jack con- nector. Sold by advancedtestequipment in San Diego. Teseq AG Nordstrasse 11F 4542 Luterbach Switzerland T + 41 32 681 40 40 F + 41 32 681 40 48 sales@teseq. Add to cart. 16. Teseq (Schaffner) 171-508 Replacement Battery Charger for NSG 435 ESD Gun. Rent & Buy electrostatic discharge generators/test simulators (ESD Gun) including the NSG 435, NSG 437, ESD3000, MZ-15, and Dito from the Teseq & EM Test US Distributor. NSG 435 measures and displays true air breakdown voltages. Teseq NSG 435 ESD guns simulate ESD, the high-frequency pulse components. Add to cart. B We provide specialized discharge networks for HBM, military, and automotive testing to 30kV with ISO 17025 A2LA calibrations. Rise time: 0. NSG 437 Rent & Buy New - Teseq 30kV ESD Gun 150pf/330Ω. Ambient conditions. Teseq Schaffner NSG435. $590. 3M Dynatel; A. com 691-027A February 2011The pistol-shaped NSG 435 simulator is designed to sit comfortably in the operator’s hand, with current operating conditions constantly displayed and clearly visible. 液晶パネルは運転状況及びユーザーがプログラムした全テストパラメータを常に表示します。. Based on a "building block" concept, the Schaffner NSG. separate simulator, such as the Teseq NSG 435, NSG 437 or NSG 438. Teseq Schaffner Nsg2025-8 Fast Transientburst Generator 8kv 500khz . Rent or buy the NSG 431 by Teseq in the ESD Guns industry at ATECorp. Teseq Schaffner NSG 222A Details Teseq Schaffner NSG 222A Schaffner NSG 222A Fast Impulse Plug-In Produces fast interference pulses typical to mechanical devices such as relays, switches etc. Search for used nsg 435. Parameters can be changed while test is. The battery, which lasts for several days under normal test usage, can be easily interchanged and recharged in just three hours. Transient Specialists is the only authorized sale partner of Teseq ESD simulators in the United States. Thanks to stabilized HV output all Teseq ESD guns exceed this need by far and guarantee optimized reproducibility of tests. For full details, see the complete catalog “Automotive Electrical Disturbances”. Find Teseq - Schaffner for sale on Machinio. This is especially. Quick quote: Teseq NSG 435 +91 124 4831 400 Need help? Talk to our experts. Teseq (Schaffner) 402-972 Replacement Air Discharge Tip for NSG 435 ESD Gun. Some vehicle manufacturers have expanded upon these specifications – in most cases by making them more stringent. h. If you have any questions about what version is right for you, or would like to obtain the proper updates, please one of our many worldwide support experts in the region that is right for you. Operation: +5 to +40°C, 20 to 80 % r. Search Make A Payment My Cart Login. Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator Gun. Specifications. . Teseq (Schaffner) INA 402 Mains Power Supply (80-240 Volts, 50/60 Hz) for. 00. Ergonomic design and advanced functionality. Any careless handling or non-observance of the operating instruc-tions can have dangerous consequences. Used Teseq - Schaffner test, lab, medical equipment for sale in New Jersey, USA. It also detects real and valid air-discharges, thereby avoiding misleading discharge counts. Configured models contain the following attributes:The NSG 4070C-LFCP is a universal device for standard-compliant and development-accompanying EMC immunity tests in the application area of magnetic field testing in the close proximity according to IEC / EN 61000-4-39 and IEC / EN 60601-1-2. 5kV ESD Simulator is suitable for performing EMI tests on systems in accordance with the standard IEC / EN 61000-4-2 , MIL-STD-461G CS118, RTCA/DO-160 Section 25, IEC 60601-1-2 and many other ESD test standards. The coupler is characterized by a. com GRC Series Ground Cable w/ 470k Ohm Resistors for ESD Voltage Bleeding . ESD Guns can refurbish. Includes NIST Calibration w/ Data and Waveforms. . NSG 435 NSG 435 ESD simulator - basic set as per technical specifi cations Accessories: INA 420 Fast risetime test tip <400 ps. absolute-emc. 00. com 691-027A February 2011Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 $590. alltest_instruments (8,755) 98. Ergonomic design and advanced functionality. Teseq NSG 437-AUTOMOTIVE ESD Simulator/Gun, 30kV includes: Discharge Pistol, IEC 61000-4-2 330 Ohm/150pF High Voltage Network, Mains adapter / charging unit 80 – 240VAC, Ground cable, User manual. Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulators are calibrated to IEC/EN. マイクロプロセッサ制御とマルチ機能キーパッドにより試験者はNSG 435に組み込まれた豊富な機能に簡単にアクセスすることができます。. . True air-discharge breakdown voltage. Transient Specialists is the only authorized sale partner/distributor of Teseq ESD simulators in the United States. $4,950. Teseq NSG 437 comprehensively fulfills virtually all international standard requirements. Brands. NSG 435 Casing - housing left and right side. But the Teseq NSG 438 is a pain to mount and up to now has usually. The pistol-shaped Teseq (formerly Schaffner) NSG 435 ESD simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 is designed to sit comfortably in the operator’s hand, with current operating conditions constantly displayed and clearly visible. Teseq continues to maintain backwards compatibility and yet push the state of the art for EMC immunity testing. 6 lbs) approx. Up to 6. Teseq NSG 435 ESD guns simulate ESD, the high-frequency pulse. NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant access to its comprehensive range of built-in functions. Search Make A Payment My Cart Login. Teseq CBA 400M-110 - Rent 110W 10 kHz - 400 MHz RF Amplifier. BUY NOW PRICE: £POA. Sorry, we have detected unusual traffic from your network. . The Teseq / Schaffner NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant. The most commonly used Discharge Network is for IEC 61000-4. The pistol-shaped NSG 435, NSG 437 and NSG 438 simulators are designed to sit comfortably in the operator’s hand , with current operatingSchaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 . Fluke TiR -10 100C Thermal Imager w/160x120 sensor, 9Hz, 100mK Sensivity. They develop and manufacture test instruments, software and accessories for EMC emissions and immunity testing. Static Discharge Simulator. But the Teseq NSG 438 is a pain to mount and up to now has usually. NSG 435 NSG 435 ESD simulator - basic set as per technical specifi cations Accessories: INA 420 Fast risetime test tip <400 ps. ESDGuns. Transient Specialists is the only authorized sale partner of Teseq ESD simulators in the United States. Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 $590. In addition to the generator, the system includes the AM and PM modulators necessary for EMC testing. 5KV Electrostatic Discharge Generator TESEQ SCHAFFNER NSG 435 16. Programmable discharge voltage 200 V to 16. Teseq NSG 438 ESD Simulator. 00. com GRC Series Ground Cable w/ 470k Ohm Resistors for ESD Voltage Bleeding . $1,975. 5 kV Stabilized charging. The NSG 435 from Teseq is a ESD Simulator with Discharge Voltage 200 V to 16. The pistol-shaped NSG 435 simulator is designed to sit comfortably in the operator’s hand, with current operating conditions cons. Battery tested to 30’000 discharges at 30 kV. EFT/Burst to 4. 10% off Calibration Service for Life. Many of the simulators, including the NSG 435, NSG 437, and NSG 438 have the ability to test to a variety of standards and applications. Sold by advancedtestequipment in San Diego. NSG 435 NSG 435 ESD simulator - basic set as per technical specifi cations Accessories: INA 420 Fast risetime test tip <400 ps. There is an optional fi ber optic remote control trigger for operation inside a screened room or enclosure. Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2. The Teseq NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant access to its comprehensive range of. In. Calibrate Instant Quote. As with other equipment purchases the need for additional capabilities, often up to 30kV, NSG 435 ordering information The Schaffner NSG 435 ESD simulator system range NSG 435 ESD Simulator system basic kit Order No. Teseq (Schaffner) INA 402 Mains Power Supply (80-240 Volts, 50/60 Hz) for Teseq NSG 435; Teseq / Schaffner INA 414-2M Grounding cable with 470kOhm resistor at each end, 200cm; Teseq INA 4430 ESD Charge Remover for Testing Ungrounded EUT’s; Teseq (Schaffner) 171-508 Replacement Battery Charger for NSG 435 ESD GunBurst tests form a particularly powerful part of EMC test strategies: they are used to verify complete systems and identify disturbances in installations, as well for type testing. Teseq ESD Guns Models. Teseq NSG 438 30 kV ESD Gun Simulator System. Ergonomic design and advanced functionality. Overview -. Teseq Schaffner NSG435. The examples of major manufacturers of ESD generators are Noiseken (GT 30R, TC 815), EM Test (Dito), Teseq (NSG435 and NSG437) [1], [2]. Reach out today to learn more about ATEC’s Teseq rentals or request a quote today. The NSG 4070C-LFCP integrates signal generator, directional coupler, power amplifier, power meter and. · 3 power meter inputs 4 kHz to 1 GHz. com 691-027A February 2011Teseq / Schaffner NSG435 AT417604501 Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator. Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 . $249. Teseq offers the world’s most comprehensive range of EMC systems for immunity and emissions testing. Cdn131 Pulse Coupling Network. Monthly Rental - $590. Ergonomic design and advanced functionality. There is an optional fi ber optic remote control trigger for operation inside a screened room or enclosure. 4KV. These are typically used for special applications not typically required more common commercial requirements. The NSG 435 is perfect for diagnosing failures caused by improper cabling, system composition, and grounding problems. The EMC Shop typically has every Teseq model and most popular accessories in stock, calibrated and ready to ship for sales orders on new units as well as rental or used equipment. . Ergonomic design and advanced functionality. In addition to the pre-programmed, standard IEC pulses, the user can create custom tests using single or repetitive discharges with selectable rates and manual or automatic polarity switching. The NSG 435 is perfect for diagnosing failures caused by improper cabling, system composition, and grounding problems. Starting at $7,345. Transient Specialists is the only. This part of the common commercial ESD setup comes with wood stand and appropriate size metal sheet which can be put in the stand. NSG 435 ESD SIMULATOR - ATECorp. $1,190. The 3ctest EDS20H is a state of the art electrostatic discharge (ESD) simulator for immunity and compliance testing from 1 kV to 18 kV. Rent or buy today. com todayTESEQ NSG 435 ESD Simulator 16. Ideal for voltage bleeding to Ground Plane during Indirect ESD Immunity. This compact mainframe houses the common system components and accommodates the standard pulse generators. NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant access to its comprehensive range of built-in functions. In addition, it includes. WORLDWIDE SHIPPING Call 800-404-2832 800-404-2832 +800 0404 2832 International A2LA ISO. Teseq/EM Test ESD Guns * Teseq - NSG 435 - NSG 437 / Automotive - NSG 438 / Automotive * EM Test - Dito - NX 30 * Common Standards - IEC 61000-4-2 - MIL-STD-883 - ISO 10605 - ANSI C63. . NSG 3060A models. Contact / Air discharge selected correct for fitted tip; Correct test voltage selected; Counter reset; Ensure ground cable screw thumb still tightened! Ensure ground cable still connected to ground plane (not pulled off)!! Useful. NoiseKen ESS-2000 ESS0584406 ESD. Operating mode: the NSG 438 can generate no high voltage as long as the interlock is not closed. The touch screen interface saves users time from traveling back and forth to the base station to reprogram before testing. The pistol-shaped NSG 435 simulator is designed to sit comfortably in the operator’s hand, with current operating conditions constantly displayed and clearly visible. Emile Schaffner 110 Carat Round Brilliant Diamond 660 Carat Emerald 18k Y . Programmable discharge voltage 200 V to 16. 00. NSG 435 has its own internal, battery operated high voltage generator. Teseq Teseq NSG 438 30 kV ESD Gun Simulator System. Programmable discharge voltage 200 V to 16. Monroe and Frank Stephen Baldwin based on a machine designed by Frank Stephen Baldwin. Teseq NSG 437 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Simulator Gun for GR-1089 & IEC 61000-4-2. LD 200N series. 00. Analytical parameters are available to access on the LCD display. The NSG 438 is calibrated in conformity with IEC 61000-4-2. Carry. $590. 5 kV Stabilized charging. 00. com . Manufacturer Teseq. Compliant with a huge range of OEM and international standards. Roseville, CA, October 16, 2015 -- ( PR. Teseq (Schaffner) INA 415 Remote Triggering Unit for Teseq NSG 435 ESD Gun. Rental - 1 Month - $300. VGP Mobile Vertical Ground Plane Setup for ESD Current Target. 137 and it. ESD simulator video comparison of the Teseq NSG 435, EM Test Dito, EMC Partner ESD3000, and Keytek Mz-15 (MiniZap). com GRC Series Ground Cable w/ 470k Ohm Resistors for ESD Voltage Bleeding . . 2 standard. The industry workhouse, the Teseq (Schaffner) NSG 438 30kV ESD simulating gun system is easy to use with a colored touchscreen and easily interchangeable discharge networks. com has launched a trade in program for refurbished NiMh batteries used with the Schaffner and Teseq NSG 435 and Keytek Minizap MZ-15 and MZ. 00. NSG 435 with battery: 1. Add to cart. The handgrip adapter is an integral part of this power supply unit. Teseq NSG 435 Overview. The video goes into detail on removing discharge tips, connections, and setup of the simulator. Teseq Schaffner Nsg2025-8 Fast Transientburst Generator 8kv 500khz. . Built-in coupler 80 V / 30 ADC, extendable to 100 ADC. Add to cart. Teseq conducted RF test equipment is based around the NSG 4070 platform which includes amplifier, signal generator, power meters, and dual directional coupler. ELECTRONIC TEST EQUIPMENT RENTALS. NSG 435 measures and displays true air breakdown voltages. Stabilized charging voltage. Schaffner Teseq Nsg2050 Etc. Add to cart. Model NSG 435. The set will be delivered as a complete chain, consisting of target, attenuator, cable and a ISO 17025 calibration certificate. 00. . Brands. The LD 5550 simulates the corresponding pulse 5 specified by numerous standards, and the clamped load dump pulse 5b. alltest_instruments (8,678) 98. 00. 2 kg (2. teseq cdn. Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2. Counter mode with and without automatic polarity change. Teseq NSG 3060 CDN 3061 - Rent 6kV Transient Test System. NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant access to its comprehensive range of built-in functions. . Teseq’s new NSG 3040 is an. used. used. NSG 437 30kV ESD Simulator Page2 Specifications Parameter NSG437 Pulsenetwork 150pF/330ΩasperIEC61000-4-2andISO10605 Dischargevoltage Contactdischarge: 200. Add to cart. The pistol-shaped NSG 435 simulator is designed to sit comfortably in the operators hand, with current operating conditions constantly displayed and clearly visible. This is especially important during long term tests and remote test setups. Ideal for voltage bleeding to Ground Plane during Indirect ESD Immunity. The discharge voltage of up to 16. . NSG 435 NSG 435 ESD simulator - basic set as per technical specifi cations Accessories: INA 420 Fast risetime test tip <400 ps. The established specifications for passenger. . Categories. Cdn131 Pulse Coupling Network. Teseq INA4381 Automotive Discharge Network for ISO 10605 150pF/2kOhm. The pistol-shaped NSG 435 simulator is designed to sit comfortably in the operators hand, with current operating conditions constantly displayed and clearly visible. Light version with uncompromising test performance. $590. Features: 9 kV Contact / 16. 2 kg (2. SCHAFFNER NSG-435 LQT. com on. The ESD gun has the convenient charge removal feature. 5 kV Stabilized charging. The NSG 3040A system is designed to fulfill conducted EMC test requirements for CE. Carry. teseq nsg 5500. Used teseq nsg435. Hilo-Test CAR PG 2804 Load Dump Generator. com has launched a trade in program for refurbished NiMh batteries used with the Schaffner and Teseq NSG 435 and Keytek Minizap MZ-15 and MZ-15/EC ESD simulator guns. 00. Measuring electrostatic discharge is important when verifying complete systems and duplicate disturbances in installations. Operation: +5 to +40°C, 20 to 80 % r. Add to cart. ESD Guns stocks. ESDGuns. Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator/Gun. Take advantage of our variety of in-house and field services for your TESEQ NSG 435/Discharge Network ESD. com 691-027A February 2011Product Overview The Schaffner Teseq NSG 435 provides you with all of the features of a comp. Meets IEC/EN 61000-4-6. The NSG 6000 consists of an integrated RF signal generator, RF switch and EUT monitoring interfaces. This setup is designed for EUT that can be placed on the insulating material to conduct testing. The NSG 435 comes with a 150pF/330½ discharge network for tests to IEC 1000-4-2, and a range of interchangeable discharge networks is available for other standards including EN, ANSI-IEEE, ISO, etc. Teseq NSG 435. Teseq (Schaffner) INA 402 Mains Power Supply (80-240 Volts, 50/60 Hz) for Teseq NSG 435. com has launched a trade in program for refurbished NiMh batteries used with the Schaffner and Teseq NSG 435 and Keytek Minizap MZ-15 and MZ-15/EC ESD simulator guns. The pistol-shaped NSG 435 simulator is designed to sit comfortably in the operator s hand,. Built-in 0. The unit comes with a standard 150 pF/330 Ω discharge network for tests according to IEC/EN 61000-4-2. NSG 435 measures and displays true air breakdown voltages. The pistol-shaped Teseq (formerly Schaffner) NSG 435 ESD simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 is designed to sit comfortably in the operator’s hand, with current operating conditions constantly displayed and clearly visTeseq / Schaffner INA 405 Ni-Mh Battery Pack Refurbishment for NSG 435 ESD Gun; Teseq (Schaffner) INA 402 Mains Power Supply (80-240 Volts, 50/60 Hz) for Teseq NSG 435; Teseq / Schaffner INA 414-2M Grounding cable with 470kOhm resistor at each end, 200cm; Teseq INA 4430 ESD Charge Remover for Testing Ungrounded EUT’sOverview Buy the NSG 435 battery pack charger. The Teseq NSG 437 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Simulator Gun for GR-1089 & IEC 61000-4-2 is designed to sit comfortably in the operator’s hand, with operating conditions constantly displayed and accessible on a bright, clear color touch display. Table of Contents. $590/month. Actual Voltage Monitor. Teseq (Schaffner) INA 402 Mains Power Supply (80-240 Volts, 50/60 Hz) for Teseq NSG 435cated functionality, Teseq’s ESD simulators combine all the features of a comprehensive ESD test system in a compact hand-held instrument. The NSG435 can be used to verify systems and identify possible distur. Subcategory: Test, measurement & inspection. Transient Specialists is the only authorized sale partner of Teseq ESD simulators in the United States. 5 kV. Find Teseq - Schaffner, NoiseKen, Haefely, and Kikusui for sale on Machinio. Teseq AG Nordstrasse 11F 4542 Luterbach Switzerland T + 41 32 681 40 40 F + 41 32 681 40 48 [email protected] Author: Teseq (Schaffner) - Ametek CTS Subject: Rent, Lease, Buy New or Used ESD Generators for IEC 61000-4-2 at ESDGuns. The unit is designed for various EMC applications in the 9 kHz to 6 GHz frequency range. Used for stationary. for IEC 801-2 (1991) Contains built in contact d. . Producent. However, Teseq® does not assume any liability for errors or inaccuracies. Rent, buy or lease the Teseq INA4553 330 pF/330 Ohm Discharge Module for NSG 438 Automotive ESD Simulator. 248. Click to Contact Seller. 00 Send My Pack & Refurbish. Teseq AG Nordstrasse 11F 4542 Luterbach Switzerland T + 41 32 681 40 40 F + 41 32 681 40 48 sales@teseq. Find diesel, natural gas and portable generators on Machinio. ISO 10605 (2001), (2008) For use with the Teseq NSG 437 or Teseq NSG 438 ESD Simulator Gun. The ESD gun has the convenient charge removal feature. 00. NSG 435 ESD SIMULATOR - ATECorp. 2 Safety Only trained personnel may operate the instrument. NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant access to its comprehensive range of built-in functions. Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 . . This video is a brief overview of each. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Buy Used - $29,000. 6kV Surge and Ring Wave, 4. Showing 1 - 10 of 20 items. . Monthly Rental - $1,350. ESDGuns. Rent Teseq (Schaffner) products a leader in developing and manufacturing EMC test. teseq nsg 4070. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) simulator for immunity testing in compliance with IEC61000-4-2 and ISO10605, up to 30 kV. H. NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant access to its comprehensive range of built-in functions. Systems; Adaptive Power; AE Techron; AEMC Instruments; Amplifier ResearchThe EMC Partner ESD3000 and the Teseq NSG435 are really easy to mount for calibration and use a simple camera style connection. Product Family Power Quality & Electrical Test. 1 Automotive Power Fail Simulator. Opens in a new window or tab. NSG 435 has its own internal, battery operated high voltage generator. Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2 . View the Teseq NSG 5500 Automotive Transient Immunity Tester for ISO 7637. Compliant with a huge range of OEM and international standards. NSG 435 ESD simulator 1. Schaffner Teseq Nsg2050pnw2050cdn131 6kv Impulse Netw. ametek-cts. NSG 3060A models. com. NSG 435 is supplied with standard accessories, including interchangeable test tips, a grounding cable and battery charger-all in a durable carrying case. Get ISO 17025 calibrations and compliant solutions to IEC 61000-4-2, MIL-STD-883, and ISO 10605. Teseq AG Nordstrasse 11F 4542 Luterbach Switzerland T + 41 32 681 40 40 F + 41 32 681 40 48 sales@teseq. More details for NSG 435 can be seen below. NSG 435’s microprocessor-based controller and multifunction keypad provide the operator with instant. Search Make A Payment My Cart Login. com )-- ESDGuns. $590. Teseq NSG 3040 devices simulate electromagnetc interference effects for the purpose of immunity testing in compliance with manufacturer, national and international standards. Ergonomic design and advanced functionality. Configured models contain the following attributes:Quick quote: Teseq NSG 435 +32 (0)15 28 07 60 Need help? Talk to our experts. Mains Power Supply for Teseq NSG 435; Designed for 80-240V, 50/60Hz; Description. Teseq (Schaffner) 403-149 Replacement Contact Discharge Tip for NSG 435 ESD Gun. Schaffner / Teseq NSG 435 ESD Simulator for IEC 61000-4-2. Best pricing on the. NSG 435は. IEC 61000-4-2: Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-2: Testing and Measurement Techniques - Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test The purpose of this standard is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic discharges. Table of Contents. . Find Similar websites like ametek-cts. Teseq (Schaffner) INA 402 Mains Power Supply (80-240 Volts, 50/60 Hz) for. Activity log. NSG 435s microprocessor-based controller and. com GRC Series Ground Cable w/ 470k Ohm Resistors for ESD Voltage Bleeding . The Teseq/Schaffner NSG 435 Electrostatic Discharge Simulator/Gun provides an easy to use solution for IEC 61000-4-2 testing and many other ESD testing. 30 kV ESD simulators fulfill both ISO 10605 and IEC 61000-4-2 testing requirements. NSG 435 measures and displays true air breakdown voltages. 00. Teseq AG Nordstrasse 11F 4542 Luterbach Switzerland T + 41 32 681 40 40 F + 41 32 681 40 48 sales@teseq. $590. We have 1 Teseq NSG 435 manual available for free PDF download: User Manual . Pnw2050 Impulse Netw 1,250-820 Comb Wave.